I changed from my real name to somenamefortestingpurposes, and seem to be able to change this to anything else. I've also tested posting comments with this, and they don't appear with my real name.
I also have the option of deleting my "channel" which I think is pretty much the same as deleting my youtube presence.
What works for Youtube is to create another channel and use that channel and the created page to post comments via pseudonym. I can switch between my original Google Account and the newly created channel. I don't have an option for my primary account through. For this does not matter but if you had personal data in your old Youtube account there is no easy way to hide this information without loosing Google+ as far I understood that problem now.
I also found no way to create a pseudonymous page for my Youtube Account.
And I've found no way to delete my Youtube account.
After searching and looking around in the user forums for some time I've gave up.