First you listen and really try to understand not only the what but why from the person you're having a conversation with.
Then you paraphrase what you heard back to make sure you understand and that they can hear it back and agree.
If you do these two things you'll find that most people are actually pretty reasonable and you can in turn have a reasoned and listened to response and, shockingly, a real conversation.
That's a really important skill to have really; in software development there's a huge ego culture going on, people having their own opinions and clinging to them. But the path to maturity and / or seniority involves opening up to other people's opinions, truly understanding them instead of just pushing your own through. Active listening (which is what you're describing there) is a huge part of it. You can't argue with someone if you're not willing to listen in the first place.
First you listen and really try to understand not only the what but why from the person you're having a conversation with.
Then you paraphrase what you heard back to make sure you understand and that they can hear it back and agree.
If you do these two things you'll find that most people are actually pretty reasonable and you can in turn have a reasoned and listened to response and, shockingly, a real conversation.