You can go to terminal-normal mode using ctrl-w N, and then you can select and yank as usual. To paste, you can use ctrl-w " <register>. Also see :help terminal.
I was honestly surprised to see all this gpg setup, yet no mention of application-specific passwords. I've been using email clients with what google now calls an "App password" for years.
"application-specific passwords" are not actually restricted to a single application. You can restrict the scope (only has access to your emails, for example), but any application could use this password to access your emails.
Also, it doesn't appear to handle non-Roman characters. From the Wikipeida article on Tokyo:
"(, ), officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan..."
Or is this a limitation of my Gopher client?
I see a lot of replies on the mail side of things, but I don't really see anything detailing solutions for calendars.
Any recommendations on "the rest": calendar, notes, contacts?
I've looked at owncloud before, but that's a fairly large-footprint php project, are there any decent self-hosted alternatives, either as a suite or as separate programs?
As far as self hosting calendars and contacts are concerned, I'd recommend using a caldav/carddav server, I personally like Baikal [1], and Radicale [2] seems to be another good lightweight option. Contrary to Owncloud these two servers do not provide a web interface to check your calendar/contacts, but there are clients available for most platforms, including web clients if you need one.
I've been using radicale, and it's been a huge pain in the ass. It took me days just to get the permissions right (behind Apache), and its interaction with DavDroid and the iOS calendars/addressbooks has been totally baffling. It doesn't help that the radicale mailing list seems to be no more.
Probably I'm blaming radicale for some of webdav's weirdness, but the whole process has been one of the most frustrating computing things I've done in years.